Autonomic Nervous System
The nervous system division controlling involuntary functions like heart rate and digestion.
Also known as: ANS, Involuntary nervous system, Visceral nervous system
Category: Concepts
Tags: neuroscience, nervous-system, health, stresses, biology
Explanation
The autonomic nervous system (ANS) is the division of the nervous system that controls involuntary body functions - things that happen automatically without conscious control. It has two main branches that work in opposition to maintain balance. Sympathetic nervous system ('fight or flight'): activates during stress, increases heart rate, dilates pupils, inhibits digestion, and releases adrenaline. It prepares the body for action. Parasympathetic nervous system ('rest and digest'): activates during relaxation, slows heart rate, constricts pupils, promotes digestion, and conserves energy. It supports recovery and restoration. Balance is key: modern life often keeps us in sympathetic dominance (chronic stress). Health requires regular parasympathetic activation. You can influence the ANS through: breathing (slow exhales activate parasympathetic), exercise (healthy stress followed by recovery), sleep (restoration is parasympathetic), and relaxation practices (meditation, yoga). For knowledge workers, understanding the ANS helps: recognize signs of chronic stress, use techniques to activate relaxation, and understand why recovery is essential for sustainable performance.
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